Workers on a shift change crowd the street outside Vancouver's J. Coughlan & Sons, one of the largest shipyards in Canada during the First World War.

Britain turned to Canadian shipyards in early 1917 to help replace the terrible losses inflicted by German U-Boats. There were enormous challenges: only six large shipyards existed, most of them working at low capacity. Much of the steel for ships came from the United States, and labour shortages and strikes affected production. Despite these constraints, Canadian shipyards eventually produced 41 steel cargo ships, one railway car ferry, and dozens of smaller vessels.

George Metcalf Archival Collection
CWM 20070035-022