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By
May 1942, German U-boats operated in
the approaches to Newfoundland and Nova
Scotia. They had even penetrated the
Gulf of St. Lawrence and the St. Lawrence
River where they sank over 20 merchant
vessels and warships, including one less
than 300 kilometres from Québec
City. These losses prompted Ottawa to
close the Gulf of St. Lawrence to ocean
shipping. In 1944 and 1945, German submarines
returned and sank Canadian warships just
off Halifax harbour.
Some
Germans landed in Canada. In 1942, German
submarines put ashore an agent in Gaspé
and another near Saint John, New Brunswick;
neither did any harm. In 1943, a landing
party from a U-boat set up an automatic
weather transmitting station in Labrador.
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