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Second World War
Battle of the Atlantic  - The Battle of the St. Lawrence

The struggle on the Atlantic between Allied navies and German U-Boats (submarines) brought the naval war into Canada, turning the river and Gulf of St. Lawrence into a battleground. From 1942, German U-Boats sank 23 merchant and naval ships; improvements in anti-submarine defences ultimately stemmed these losses.

German U-Boat Navigation Handbook
German U-Boat Navigation Handbook

This 1943 handbook helped German U-Boats (submarines) navigate the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

Marked "Secret!" (Geheim!) and bearing the national insignia of Nazi Germany, this volume covered the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Two other volumes covered the waters off Newfoundland and the southern part of Nova Scotia, part of a much larger series of navigational handbooks. This example was recovered from U-190 after it surrendered in May 1945.

George Metcalf Archival Collection
CWM 19730174-002a





St. Lawrence Convoy
HMCS Chaleur at Saint-Jean-Port-Joli, Quebec, 1939
Jig-Saw Puzzle, "Canadian Warship Captures First Italian Prize"
Crew Members, HMCS Bras D'Or
U-Boat U-190 Commissioning
HMCS Fort Ramsay
"Minor war vessels at Gaspé, 1942"
Bridge of Motor Launch
HMCS Raccoon
Funeral of Able Seaman Donald Bowser, HMCS Charlottetown
Burial at Sea
"Remember the Caribou and Her Gallant Crew"
Damaged Fairmile Motor Launch, 1944
The Torpedoing of HMCS Magog
Damage to HMCS Magog
Iced Up
HMCS Shawinigan
German U-Boat Navigation Handbook
German Map of the St. Lawrence